§ 07 · Domain mastery

Automation & Workflows

Durable workflows that survive restarts, retries, and human review.

Temporal for durability, Airflow for batch, n8n for glue — humans removed from loops that don't need them, kept in loops that do. Retries, compensation, and human-in-the-loop steps that let you reason about correctness at 2 AM as well as at 2 PM.

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§ I

Pillars

01

Temporal-shaped durability

Workflow-as-code with automatic checkpointing, retries, and compensation. Long-running processes become boring and debuggable.

02

Batch pipelines with lineage

Airflow or Prefect DAGs with data-lineage tracking, SLA alerts, and backfill discipline. When a run fails, you know what depends on it.

03

Event-driven glue

n8n and hand-rolled workers where full workflow engines are overkill. Retries, DLQs, and observability from the first commit.

04

Human-in-the-loop where it counts

Approval steps for irreversible actions — with SLAs, escalation, and audit trails. Approvals belong to a person, not a service account.

05

Idempotency by design

Every step safe to replay. The difference between a system that heals itself and one that pages you at 3 AM.

06

Backfills without pain

Historical reruns with cost and blast-radius controls. Finance and ops teams get replay-based confidence, not fingers crossed.

§ II

Domain vocabulary

The words that separate insiders from readers.

Activity vs. workflow (Temporal)The determinism boundary. Confusing them causes the class of bug that only appears under retry.
CompensationThe undo half of a saga. Teams that skip it silently drift state on partial failures.
Idempotency keyThe string that makes 'retry safely' true. Without it, exactly-once is a marketing claim.
BackfillRerunning history against new logic. Named as an operation with a plan, not a Jira ticket.
DLQDead-letter queue. Teams that don't watch it discover their most creative bugs weeks late.
SagaThe pattern for long-running transactions across services. Everyone knows the word; few implement compensation correctly.
Determinism (Temporal)Workflow code that produces the same result on replay. Insiders design for it; outsiders debug it.
SLA propagationWhen one late step blows another team's SLA. Naming it is the start of fixing it.
§ III

Open problems we help with

§ IV

What we ship

  1. 01A durable workflow layer for your long-running processes.
  2. 02Batch pipelines with lineage and SLA alerts.
  3. 03Event-driven glue where full engines are overkill.
  4. 04Approval steps with SLAs and audit trails.
  5. 05A backfill runbook with cost controls.
  6. 06Business-outcome dashboards on top of workflow traces.
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